RD: add new to_gnu_options() method

This makes it easier for commands that pass options to non-shell script
commands to do so as CLI arguments.
Move characterization to FPR rules
Characterization: add default commands

One or more default normalization commands can be defined, by defining
FPRules with the purpose 'default_characterization'. As with
normalization, these will be called if no matching FPRules can be found.
This also allows for characterization rules to be applied to files that
couldn't be identified.

FITS will be the default characterization command in 1.1; others can
be introduced, or customized by users.
Characterization: add fiwalk plugins
createMETS2: correct FPCommandOutput purposes
createMETS2: fix FPCommandOutput with encoding declarations
FPCommandOutput: use combo of file and rule UUIDs for pk

Previously only one output per FPCommand was allowed, whereas we want
to accept one per file/command combination.
RD.frommodel: try to find SIP even when not passed in
createSIPfromTransferObjects: move metadata

Currently, only objects/ and metadata/submissionDocumentation are
moved. This moves the entire contents of metadata/ into the new SIP.
This is necessary to persist DC metadata.
transcoder: Add a few stdout separators