Test if getHash is static

This should fix #130.

It turns out PHP's `serialize()` function just calls the `...->serialize()` methods provided by the `Serializable` interface in `Snak`. See the implementations in `SnakObject::serialize` and `PropertyValueSnak::serialize`. Only properties that are used in these methods become part of the serialization.

This patch:
* Adds tests to make sure the `getHash` implementation is static and doesn't change, e.g. when new fields are introduced.
* Adds basic tests for `No`- and `SomeValueSnak`.
* Removes strange self-comparisons from tests.
* Simplifies some loops.
* Renames some strange variables.
Opposing what? What does "working against refactoring" mean? This is testing if a hash is stable. That's not an implementation detail.