ENH: speed up ufunc reduce argument parsing

PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords makes out about 20% of the runtime of small
reductions. Replace it with faster parsing using pre-interned python
strings. This improves performance by about 15% for reductions in the
order of 100 elements.
Error handling is done by calling PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords after the
fast parsing fails.

before:

    d = np.arange(100)
    %timeit np.sum(d)
    100000 loops, best of 3: 4.79 µs per loop

after:

    d = np.arange(100)
    %timeit np.sum(d)
    100000 loops, best of 3: 4.03 µs per loop