making magic number-based detection of PDFs encoding-friendly, with tests

Magic number-based PDF-detection is vulnerable to encoding issues; forcing the first line to be read in binary mode should work across encodings (as the "%PDF" marker will be present using ASCII-7-compatible characters in any case).  Also, removing the "end of line" anchor from the PDF version regex to avoid issues with non-printing characters in certain cases.

Added tests, details:
- extracted PDF detection from ensure_pdfs method for more direct testing
- new unit tests verify that PDFs without the ".pdf" extensions are detected as PDFs
  - samples are included under "test/fixtures/without_pdf_extension"
  - add further PDFs (without extensions) and they will be automatically included in tests
  - PDFs generated by Adobe InDesign previously raised encoding errors; samples (for each recent PDF version) are included
- new unit tests verify that files with the ".pdf" extensions are always detected as PDFs (regardless of file contents)
  - samples are included under "test/fixtures/with_pdf_extension"
  - samples file names reflect actual contents
  - not sure that this is the correct behavior, but not looking to change current approach