Add "typedef T value_type;" to llvm::Optional<T>.

Inspired by std::experimental::optional from the "Library Fundamentals" C++ TS.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@218617 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
Add getValueOr to llvm::Optional<T>.

This takes a single argument convertible to T, and
- if the Optional has a value, returns the existing value,
- otherwise, constructs a T from the argument and returns that.

Inspired by std::experimental::optional from the "Library Fundamentals" C++ TS.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@218618 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8