Apply resource pattern to error describer service

- Follows Resource pattern (IdentityErrorDescriber.StringName, or FormatStringName(arg1, arg2)
- Also cleaned up optional services, by allowing null in constructor
- SignInStatus -> SignInFailure and introduced SignInResult to make SignInManager APIs consistent with IdentityResult (but no strings needed for SignIn)

Fixes: https://github.com/aspnet/Identity/issues/86, https://github.com/aspnet/Identity/issues/176, https://github.com/aspnet/Identity/issues/287 and https://github.com/aspnet/Identity/issues/177

cc @divega @suhasj 

I understand these arguments, but tests could share a lot of the required setup code and if DI is always going to be there in real apps then lines like this just amount to gunk added to the codebase. As I said, I am ok with checking this in but I want to have the conversation.