sysctl: add support for poll()

Adding support for poll() in sysctl fs allows userspace to receive
notifications of changes in sysctl entries.  This adds a infrastructure to
allow files in sysctl fs to be pollable and implements it for hostname and
domainname.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/declare/define/ for definitions]
Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@suse.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Revert "perf: Add PM notifiers to fix CPU hotplug races"

This reverts commit 144060fee07e9c22e179d00819c83c86fbcbf82c.

It causes a resume regression for Andi on his Acer Aspire 1830T post
3.1.  The screen just stays black after wakeup.

Also, it really looks like the wrong way to suspend and resume perf
events: I think they should be done as part of the CPU suspend and
resume, rather than as a notifier that does smp_call_function().

Reported-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oprofile: Remove exit function for timer mode

Remove exit functions by moving init/exit code to oprofile's setup/
shutdown functions. Doing so the oprofile module exit code will be
easier and less error-prone.

Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
oprofile, x86: Reimplement nmi timer mode using perf event

The legacy x86 nmi watchdog code was removed with the implementation
of the perf based nmi watchdog. This broke Oprofile's nmi timer
mode. To run nmi timer mode we relied on a continuous ticking nmi
source which the nmi watchdog provided. The nmi tick was no longer
available and current watchdog can not be used anymore since it runs
with very long periods in the range of seconds. This patch
reimplements the nmi timer mode using a perf counter nmi source.

V2:
* removing pr_info()
* fix undefined reference to `__udivdi3' for 32 bit build
* fix section mismatch of .cpuinit.data:nmi_timer_cpu_nb
* removed nmi timer setup in arch/x86
* implemented function stubs for op_nmi_init/exit()
* made code more readable in oprofile_init()

V3:
* fix architectural initialization in oprofile_init()
* fix CONFIG_OPROFILE_NMI_TIMER dependencies

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
PM / QoS: Remove redundant check

Remove an "if" check, that repeats an equivalent one 6 lines above.

Signed-off-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
PM / Freezer: Revert 27920651fe "PM / Freezer: Make fake_signal_wake_up() wake TASK_KILLABLE tasks too"

Commit 27920651fe "PM / Freezer: Make fake_signal_wake_up() wake
TASK_KILLABLE tasks too" updated fake_signal_wake_up() used by freezer
to wake up KILLABLE tasks.  Sending unsolicited wakeups to tasks in
killable sleep is dangerous as there are code paths which depend on
tasks not waking up spuriously from KILLABLE sleep.

For example. sys_read() or page can sleep in TASK_KILLABLE assuming
that wait/down/whatever _killable can only fail if we can not return
to the usermode.  TASK_TRACED is another obvious example.

The previous patch updated wait_event_freezekillable() such that it
doesn't depend on the spurious wakeup.  This patch reverts the
offending commit.

Note that the spurious KILLABLE wakeup had other implicit effects in
KILLABLE sleeps in nfs and cifs and those will need further updates to
regain freezekillable behavior.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
tracing: Add boiler plate for subsystem filter

The system filter can be used to set multiple event filters that
exist within the system. But currently it displays the last filter
written that does not necessarily correspond to the filters within
the system. The system filter itself is not used to filter any events.
The system filter is just a means to set filters of the events within
it.

Because this causes an ambiguous state when the system filter reads
a filter string but the events within the system have different strings
it is best to just show a boiler plate:

 ### global filter ###
 # Use this to set filters for multiple events.
 # Only events with the given fields will be affected.
 # If no events are modified, an error message will be displayed here.

If an error occurs while writing to the system filter, the system
filter will replace the boiler plate with the error message as it
currently does.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
module: Enable dynamic debugging regardless of taint

Dynamic debugging is currently disabled for tainted modules, except
for TAINT_CRAP.  This prevents use of dynamic debugging for
out-of-tree modules once the next patch is applied.

This condition was apparently intended to avoid a crash if a force-
loaded module has an incompatible definition of dynamic debug
structures.  However, a administrator that forces us to load a module
is claiming that it *is* compatible even though it fails our version
checks.  If they are mistaken, there are any number of ways the module
could crash the system.

As a side-effect, proprietary and other tainted modules can now use
dynamic_debug.

Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module,bug: Add TAINT_OOT_MODULE flag for modules not built in-tree

Use of the GPL or a compatible licence doesn't necessarily make the code
any good.  We already consider staging modules to be suspect, and this
should also be true for out-of-tree modules which may receive very
little review.

Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (patched oops-tracing.txt)
lockdep: Show subclass in pretty print of lockdep output

The pretty print of the lockdep debug splat uses just the lock name
to show how the locking scenario happens. But when it comes to
nesting locks, the output becomes confusing which takes away the point
of the pretty printing of the lock scenario.

Without displaying the subclass info, we get the following output:

  Possible unsafe locking scenario:

        CPU0                    CPU1
        ----                    ----
   lock(slock-AF_INET);
                                lock(slock-AF_INET);
                                lock(slock-AF_INET);
   lock(slock-AF_INET);

  *** DEADLOCK ***

The above looks more of a A->A locking bug than a A->B B->A.
By adding the subclass to the output, we can see what really happened:

 other info that might help us debug this:

  Possible unsafe locking scenario:

        CPU0                    CPU1
        ----                    ----
   lock(slock-AF_INET);
                                lock(slock-AF_INET/1);
                                lock(slock-AF_INET);
   lock(slock-AF_INET/1);

  *** DEADLOCK ***

This bug was discovered while tracking down a real bug caught by lockdep.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20111025202049.GB25043@hostway.ca

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reported-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Simon Kirby <sim@hostway.ca>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
ftrace: Fix hash record accounting bug

If the set_ftrace_filter is cleared by writing just whitespace to
it, then the filter hash refcounts will be decremented but not
updated. This causes two bugs:

1) No functions will be enabled for tracing when they all should be

2) If the users clears the set_ftrace_filter twice, it will crash ftrace:

------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at /home/rostedt/work/git/linux-trace.git/kernel/trace/ftrace.c:1384 __ftrace_hash_rec_update.part.27+0x157/0x1a7()
Modules linked in:
Pid: 2330, comm: bash Not tainted 3.1.0-test+ #32
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff81051828>] warn_slowpath_common+0x83/0x9b
 [<ffffffff8105185a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x1c
 [<ffffffff810ba362>] __ftrace_hash_rec_update.part.27+0x157/0x1a7
 [<ffffffff810ba6e8>] ? ftrace_regex_release+0xa7/0x10f
 [<ffffffff8111bdfe>] ? kfree+0xe5/0x115
 [<ffffffff810ba51e>] ftrace_hash_move+0x2e/0x151
 [<ffffffff810ba6fb>] ftrace_regex_release+0xba/0x10f
 [<ffffffff8112e49a>] fput+0xfd/0x1c2
 [<ffffffff8112b54c>] filp_close+0x6d/0x78
 [<ffffffff8113a92d>] sys_dup3+0x197/0x1c1
 [<ffffffff8113a9a6>] sys_dup2+0x4f/0x54
 [<ffffffff8150cac2>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
---[ end trace 77a3a7ee73794a02 ]---

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20111101141420.GA4918@debian

Reported-by: Rabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
tracing/latency: Fix header output for latency tracers

In case the the graph tracer (CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER) or even the
function tracer (CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER) are not set, the latency tracers
do not display proper latency header.

The involved/fixed latency tracers are:
        wakeup_rt
        wakeup
        preemptirqsoff
        preemptoff
        irqsoff

The patch adds proper handling of tracer configuration options for latency
tracers, and displaying correct header info accordingly.

* The current output (for wakeup tracer) with both graph and function
  tracers disabled is:

  # tracer: wakeup
  #
    <idle>-0       0d.h5    1us+:      0:120:R   + [000]     7:  0:R watchdog/0
    <idle>-0       0d.h5    3us+: ttwu_do_activate.clone.1 <-try_to_wake_up
    ...

* The fixed output is:

  # tracer: wakeup
  #
  # wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 3.1.0-tip+
  # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  # latency: 55 us, #4/4, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
  #    -----------------
  #    | task: migration/0-6 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:1 rt_prio:99)
  #    -----------------
  #
  #                  _------=> CPU#
  #                 / _-----=> irqs-off
  #                | / _----=> need-resched
  #                || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
  #                ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
  #                |||| /     delay
  #  cmd     pid   ||||| time  |   caller
  #     \   /      |||||  \    |   /
       cat-1129    0d..4    1us :   1129:120:R   + [000]     6:  0:R migration/0
       cat-1129    0d..4    2us+: ttwu_do_activate.clone.1 <-try_to_wake_up

* The current output (for wakeup tracer) with only function
  tracer enabled is:

  # tracer: wakeup
  #
       cat-1140    0d..4    1us+:   1140:120:R   + [000]     6:  0:R migration/0
       cat-1140    0d..4    2us : ttwu_do_activate.clone.1 <-try_to_wake_up

* The fixed output is:
  # tracer: wakeup
  #
  # wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 3.1.0-tip+
  # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  # latency: 207 us, #109/109, CPU#1 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
  #    -----------------
  #    | task: watchdog/1-12 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:1 rt_prio:99)
  #    -----------------
  #
  #                  _------=> CPU#
  #                 / _-----=> irqs-off
  #                | / _----=> need-resched
  #                || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
  #                ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
  #                |||| /     delay
  #  cmd     pid   ||||| time  |   caller
  #     \   /      |||||  \    |   /
    <idle>-0       1d.h5    1us+:      0:120:R   + [001]    12:  0:R watchdog/1
    <idle>-0       1d.h5    3us : ttwu_do_activate.clone.1 <-try_to_wake_up

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20111107150849.GE1807@m.brq.redhat.com

Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
PM / QoS: Set cpu_dma_pm_qos->name

Since commit 4a31a334, the name of this misc device is not initialized,
which leads to a funny device named /dev/(null) being created and
/proc/misc containing an entry with just a number but no name. The latter
leads to complaints by cryptsetup, which caused me to investigate this
matter.

Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
clocksource: Replace vread with generic arch data

The vread field was bloating struct clocksource everywhere except
x86_64, and I want to change the way this works on x86_64, so let's
split it out into per-arch data.

Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@mit.edu>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3ae5ec76a168eaaae63f08a2a1060b91aa0b7759.1310563276.git.luto@mit.edu
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Conflicts:
	arch/x86/kernel/vsyscall_64.c

Change-Id: I8287cb3ca2d214dff3878dad6771b896ff8563cb
ia64: Replace clocksource.fsys_mmio with generic arch data

Now that clocksource.archdata is available, use it for ia64-specific
code.

Cc: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@mit.edu>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/d31de0ee0842a0e322fb6441571c2b0adb323fa2.1310563276.git.luto@mit.edu
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
clocksource: Change __ARCH_HAS_CLOCKSOURCE_DATA to a CONFIG option

The machinery for __ARCH_HAS_CLOCKSOURCE_DATA assumed a file in
asm-generic would be the default for architectures without their own
file in asm/, but that is not how it works.

Replace it with a Kconfig option instead.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4E288AA6.7090804@zytor.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@mit.edu>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>

Conflicts:
	arch/x86/include/asm/clocksource.h

Change-Id: I148d96eb63a6d9906ef7e12f8dee6e44d7942cd7
time: Avoid accumulating time drift in suspend/resume

Because the read_persistent_clock interface is usually backed by
only a second granular interface, each time we read from the persistent
clock for suspend/resume, we introduce a half second (on average) of error.

In order to avoid this error accumulating as the system is suspended
over and over, this patch measures the time delta between the persistent
clock and the system CLOCK_REALTIME.

If the delta is less then 2 seconds from the last suspend, we compensate
by using the previous time delta (keeping it close). If it is larger
then 2 seconds, we assume the clock was set or has been changed, so we
do no correction and update the delta.

Note: If NTP is running, ths could seem to "fight" with the NTP corrected
time, where as if the system time was off by 1 second, and NTP slewed the
value in, a suspend/resume cycle could undo this correction, by trying to
restore the previous offset from the persistent clock.  However, without
this patch, since each read could cause almost a full second worth of
error, its possible to get almost 2 seconds of error just from the
suspend/resume cycle alone, so this about equal to any offset added by
the compensation.

Further on systems that suspend/resume frequently, this should keep time
closer then NTP could compensate for if the errors were allowed to
accumulate.

Credits to Arve Hjønnevåg for suggesting this solution.

CC: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
clocksource: Avoid selecting mult values that might overflow when adjusted

For some frequencies, the clocks_calc_mult_shift() function will
unfortunately select mult values very close to 0xffffffff.  This
has the potential to overflow when NTP adjusts the clock, adding
to the mult value.

This patch adds a clocksource.maxadj value, which provides
an approximation of an 11% adjustment(NTP limits adjustments to
500ppm and the tick adjustment is limited to 10%), which could
be made to the clocksource.mult value. This is then used to both
check that the current mult value won't overflow/underflow, as
well as warning us if the timekeeping_adjust() code pushes over
that 11% boundary.

v2: Fix max_adjustment calculation, and improve WARN_ONCE
messages.

v3: Don't warn before maxadj has actually been set

CC: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
CC: David Daney <ddaney.cavm@gmail.com>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
CC: Chen Jie <chenj@lemote.com>
CC: zhangfx <zhangfx@lemote.com>
CC: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Chen Jie <chenj@lemote.com>
Reported-by: zhangfx <zhangfx@lemote.com>
Tested-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>

Conflicts:
	kernel/time/timekeeping.c

Change-Id: I174c1ded08c3f8beb64bf9ae9cbf46dbfa9dc9aa
sched: Add a comment to effective_load() since it's a pain

Every time I have to stare at this function I need to completely
reverse engineer its workings, about time I write a comment
explaining the thing.

Collected bits and pieces from previous changelogs, mostly:

  4be9daaa1b33701f011f4117f22dc1e45a3e6e34
  83378269a5fad98f562ebc0f09c349575e6cbfe1

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1318518057.27731.2.camel@twins
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
sched_fair: Fix a typo in the comment describing update_sd_lb_stats

Signed-off-by: Hui Kang <hkang.sunysb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1318388459-4427-1-git-send-email-hkang.sunysb@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>