[TASK] Optimize retrieval of Storages

Analysing the SQL logs shows that there are very much queries to the
sys_file_storage even though the information is quite static. Since
there in general there are not much storages - in most cases it only
will be fileadmin/.

This change will get all storage records from database with one call
and cache this in a runtime cache. Afterwards all requests are resolved
by the static member variable of the StorageRepository. If no storage
is present the default storage is created

Resolves: #55186
Releases: 6.2
Change-Id: I066b57215ba39f7cad608cfe5e83a0f3508b2c62
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/27025
Reviewed-by: Anja Leichsenring
Tested-by: Anja Leichsenring
Reviewed-by: Stefan Froemken
Tested-by: Stefan Froemken
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Fischer
Tested-by: Sebastian Fischer
Reviewed-by: Steffen Ritter
Tested-by: Steffen Ritter