[Monolog Bridge] Remove deprecated log methods + add unit tests

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Bug fix?      | no
| New feature?  | no
| BC breaks?    | no
| Deprecations? | no
| Tests pass?   | yes
| Fixed tickets | --
| License       | MIT
| Doc PR        | --

Remove deprecated methods. I took the opportunity to add some missing unit tests.