(PUP-2654) Capitalize each segment of a resource type "label"

When a Resource type is stringified it selects the short notation
(e.g. Fee::Foo) over the longer (e.g. Resource[Fee::Foo]), and
when doing so it should output each segment of the FQN with a
capital letter. The current implementation only capitalizes
the initial letter (e.g. Fee::foo::fum).

This fixes the implementation of
TypeCalculator.string_PResourceExpression to capitalize all segments.
(maint) Extract constant for name separator

The name separator is used a few different times in the file. This
extracts it out and freezes the value, which has the nice benefit of a
small speed boost. Unfortunately this isn't a big win for the system
since this code path is only really used for error conditions.
Merge branch 'pr/2810'

* pr/2810:
  (maint) Extract constant for name separator
  (PUP-2654) Capitalize each segment of a resource type "label"
(PUP-2104) Fix facter terminus to print out fact files.

Prior to the refactoring of the facter terminus, the terminus loaded
module facts directly.  This is no longer the case and instead facter
always loads the facts itself.

The previous implementation logged an informational message displaying
the path to each fact script it found.  The new behavior only printed
the directory that would be searched for facts.

Given that this information may be useful to module developers and to
maintain existing output behavior, this change restores the previous
output behavior but still relies on facter to load the facts.
(PUP-2104) Update define_settings documentation for default option.

Updating the documentation for define_settings to match the recent
changes that allow a Proc to be passed and lazy-evaluated for the
default value.
Merge pull request #2816 from peterhuene/pup/2104

(PUP-2104) Fix facter terminus to print out fact files.
Merge branch 'master' into puppet-4

* master:
  (PUP-2104) Update define_settings documentation for default option.
  (PUP-2104) Fix facter terminus to print out fact files.
  (maint) Extract constant for name separator
  (PUP-2654) Capitalize each segment of a resource type "label"