Add new function str::from_utf8_lossy()

from_utf8_lossy() takes a byte vector and produces a ~str, converting
any invalid UTF-8 sequence into the U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.

The replacement follows the guidelines in §5.22 Best Practice for U+FFFD
Substitution from the Unicode Standard (Version 6.2)[1], which also
matches the WHATWG rules for utf-8 decoding[2].

[1]: http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.2.0/ch05.pdf
[2]: http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8
Hoist path::Display on top of from_utf8_lossy()