Fix that a collection proxy could be cached before the save of the owner, resulting in an invalid proxy lacking the owner’s id

Absent this fix calls like: owner.association.update_all to behave unexpectedly because they try to act on association objects where
owner_id is null.

more evidence here: https://gist.github.com/Empact/5865555
```
Active Record 3.2.13
-- create_table(:firms, {:force=>true})
   -> 0.1371s
-- create_table(:clients, {:force=>true})
   -> 0.0005s
1 clients. 1 expected.
1 clients updated. 1 expected.
```

```
Active Record 4.0.0
-- create_table(:firms, {:force=>true})
   -> 0.1606s
-- create_table(:clients, {:force=>true})
   -> 0.0004s
1 clients. 1 expected.
0 clients updated. 1 expected.
```
this looks like the only assertion that matters here