Make multiple attempts to sanity check (GCE) and validate (ALL) cluster

This PR changed the sanity check for GCE cluster creation to make multiple attempts to deal with slow cluster birth. It also performs a more detailed check of the Docker installation (by ensuring kubernetes/pause can be found). It also adjusts validate-cluster.sh (for all providers) to make multiple attempts to validate a cluster.

Before, even when creating a modest sized cluster (say, 12 nodes), these steps failed not because there was anything wrong with the cluster but just because these steps can be slow and we don't retry.
There's a problem with using `local` and `=$(...)` on the same line since `local` will mask the error output of the command (in this case the `gcloud` command)

Better would be:

```shell
  local output
  if ! output=$(gcloud compute ...); then
    # ... error in gcloud
  elif [[ -z "${output}" ]]; then
    # ... also error in gcloud? maybe use a || above
  elif [[ "${output}" != *"kubernetes/pause"* ]]; then
    ...
```