poll_fd fix

@JeffBezanson This implements julep #4401 in order to fix the issues with poll_fd (#6563)

julep #4401 is implemented by separating the steps involved with a call to `wait` into their component parts:

`waitq` --> prepares the wait call
`waitresult` --> extract a result from wait (if present)
~~`waitcleanup` --> cleanup after the wait call (remove from waitq)~~
`waitkill` --> ~~additional~~ cleanup (destructors) after the wait call

if these specialized methods don't exist, it simply falls back to calling `wait` in a Task (graceful degradation means a loss in performance, but not in functionality)

client code can plug into these methods, just like they currently can extend `wait`. for example, see `Timer`

also notable: `sleep(::Real)` is now an alias for `wait()`, since `wait(::Real)` was defined to mean `wait for timeout`
those two forms have different starting and error handling characteristics, so they aren't equivalent

`wait(::Callable)` always has the property that it calls the function, and blocks until that function returns. in the single-argument case, it doesn't need to spawn another task to do the call, so it doesn't. in the multi-argument case, to get the same behavior, it needs to spawn another task, so it does.