Fixes for GitHub issue #29
More fixes for GitHub issue #29.

As the inclusion of <math.h> instead of <cmath> appears to be the source of one of the compile errors, I've also replaced other C standard header file includes with the respective C++ counterparts along the way throughout the project (except the Windows specific code for now).
Yet more fixes for GitHub issue #29.
Even more fixes for GitHub issue #29.
Hopefully the final fixes for GitHub issue #29.
This should wrap it up for GitHub issue #29.