Implement Rubocop

Per the blueprint, finish implementing rubocop across the entire
cookbook, remove tailor references, and update rubocop dependency.

- Remove .tailor file
- Update Rubocop Dependency >= 0.16.0
- Update Chef Dependency to 11.8
- Add .rubocop.yml files to resources/providers
- Add resources/providers to Strainerfile
- Update all files necessary to pass rubocop

Change-Id: Icc4804b3e2a55cf6656b2e6077e36f04d959b9ef
Implements: blueprint rubocop-for-image