Revert "refactoring the code"

This reverts commit cc536c5eaf246d5361c304a0797a9d756f2d9e01.
Revert "Revert "refactoring the code""

This reverts commit b86a8c8677174fe8bc377f342f9d1923b32d2ae5.
Revert "Revert "concatenation of strings""

This reverts commit b60ee5779aa62ef0b6046616fa80f25a23ec62d4.
Revert "refactoring the code"

This reverts commit cc536c5eaf246d5361c304a0797a9d756f2d9e01.