[NUCLEO_xxx] Change code optimization for us_ticker_read()

Fix issue when the hal is compiled with -O3 -Otime
[NUCLEO_xxx] Add other #pragma O0/Ospace for ticker
fix us_ticker issue for Nucleo boards
libraries/sd: Fixed SDFileSystem when no card present (or failed its initialization).
libraries/sd: Allow changing the default clock settings for the initialization and transfer states.
Allow USBDevice::connect() to be non-blocking.

It is required if USB is not the primary use of the device (eg: use
of USB mass storage to transfer pictures from the camera (the
device) to the host once in a while).
Added uARM support for KL05Z and added target to build_release.py. Also updated uvision4.py to UBLOX_C027 from previous name C027
Fixed LPC1114 InterruptIn for Port1 (and higher)

Channel was only calculated using bits set, port number was ignored.
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/mbedmicro/mbed
[NUCLEO_xxx] Fix us_ticker issue
[NUCLEO_L152RE] Fix issue with analog_out and -O3/Otime options
Merge pull request #171 from Sissors/master

Fixed LPC1114 InterruptIn for Port1 (and higher)
Merge pull request #170 from sg-/kl05_uarm

Added uARM support for KL05Z and added target to build_release.py. Also ...
Merge pull request #167 from oliviermartin/om/sd-change-default-clock-settings

libraries/sd: Allow changing the default clock settings for the initialization and transfer states.
Merge pull request #168 from oliviermartin/om/sd-fix-when-no-card-present

libraries/sd: Fixed SDFileSystem when no card present
Merge pull request #169 from oliviermartin/om/usb-device-connect-non-blocking

Allow USBDevice::connect() to be non-blocking
Merge pull request #172 from bcostm/master

[NUCLEO_xxx] Fix us_ticker and analog_out issues when -O3/-Otime options are used
Fix DAC initialization#
Update README.md
[NUCLEO_xxx] Fix issue with ticker + add volatile