Improved speed of InternedString( int64_t ).

This gives a 4x speedup in computation of child names for the Instancer node in gaffer.
Merge pull request #291 from johnhaddon/fasterInternedStringConstructor

Improved speed of InternedString( int64_t ).
MayaScene Fixes for reading scene:visible and custom attributes at the root
Reverted CachedConverter::convert() custom converter overload.

This reverts commit 6e257c879c5b804206b9f73b50586472c6ccd952, which was meant to have been reverted in 153df0c67d2cbe7389c0ff31e8eece7237523418, along with the rest of #9.
Added unit test for LRUCache::set().
Implemented tbb_hasher() for all LRUCache keys.

This will allow us to move to an implementation based on tbb::concurrent_unordered_map().
Moved LRUCacheBinding implementation details to unnamed namespace.

We don't need to export them.
Added function to test LRUCache threading.

This is useful both for testing performance and correctness. The GetterFunction does almost no work, making it easy to measure the raw performance of the cache itself. Ideally we'd have an IECoreTest python module to bind this into, but it's in IECore itself for now.

Also gave PythonLRUCache its own mutex typedef, so it doesn't depend on what should be private implementation details of the base class.
Reimplemented LRUCache for improved performance.

We now use a concurrent_unordered_map internally to avoid using a global lock for map accesses, and represent the linked list with fields within the map entries themselves, avoiding expensive allocations just to move an item to the end of the list.

This yields substantial speedups (reduction to 2-3% of original runtime) for the synthetic benchmark in testLRUCacheThreading, and a 40% reduction in runtime for a GafferScene::Instancer benchmark.

Also made the following changes :

- Removed unused includes
- Removed unused typedefs
- Reordered public methods for clarity - listing them in the order they're likely to be used aids understanding.
- Renamed Ptr template argument to Value. It's not compulsory to use a pointer type, and moreover we have tests where we don't.
Added LRUCache todo.

It may be that the speedups we've implemented already are sufficient in the real world, but it's worth noting that there is an alternative.
Improved LRUCache documentation.

Documented that GetterFunctions and RemovalCallbacks must never access the LRUCache itself. This is because that could result in deadlocks as locks are held while they are called.

Fixed formatting to improve clarity.
Removed bogus assertion from LRUCache.

As is clear from looking at the if() above, it's perfectly possible to arrive at that point with status==TooCostly.
Merge pull request #293 from johnhaddon/lruCacheTidyup

LRUCache optimisation
Merge pull request #292 from davidsminor/mayaSceneFixes

MayaScene Fixes for reading scene:visible and custom attributes at root
bumped version to 9.0.0-a1
Update Changes
IECoreRI now built for all python versions
Merge pull request #295 from davidsminor/coreRiPythonVersions

IECoreRI now built for all python versions
Removed outdated comment from IECoreRI Camera test.
Added explicit tracking of worldBegin/worldEnd blocks in IECoreRI.

This will be necessary to allow us to properly handle multiple cameras and moving cameras. It also allows us to validate calls made to worldBegin() and worldEnd().