Fix TAP installcheck tests when current directory name contains spaces

This fixes the installcheck part.  The check part has additional
problems that will be addressed in a separate commit.
Fix bug where pg_receivexlog goes into busy loop if -s option is set to 0.

The problem is that pg_receivexlog calls select(2) with timeout=0 and
goes into busy loop when --status-interval option is set to 0. This bug
was introduced by the commit,
74cbe966fe2d76de1d607d933c98c144dab58769.

Per report from Sawada Masahiko
docs: Improve documentation of \pset without arguments.

The syntax summary previously failed to clarify that the first
argument is also optional.  The textual description did mention it,
but all the way at the bottom.  It fits better with the command
overview, so move it there, and fix the summary also.

Dilip Kumar, reviewed by Fabien Coelho
Avoid access to already-released lock in LockRefindAndRelease.

Spotted by Tom Lane.
Properly remove ephemeral replication slots after a crash restart.

Ephemeral slots - slots that shouldn't survive database restarts -
weren't properly cleaned up after a immediate/crash restart. They were
ignored in the sense that they weren't restored into memory and thus
didn't cause unwanted resource retention; but they prevented a new
slot with the same name from being created.

Now ephemeral slots are fully removed during startup.

Backpatch to 9.4 where replication slots where added.
Fix checkpointer crash in EXEC_BACKEND builds.

Nothing in the checkpointer calls InitXLOGAccess(), so WALInsertLocks
never got initialized there.  Without EXEC_BACKEND, it works anyway
because the correct value is inherited from the postmaster, but
with EXEC_BACKEND we've got a problem.  The problem appears to have
been introduced by commit 68a2e52bbaf98f136a96b3a0d734ca52ca440a95.

To fix, move the relevant initialization steps from InitXLOGAccess()
to XLOGShmemInit(), making this more parallel to what we do
elsewhere.

Amit Kapila
Prevent shm_mq_send from reading uninitialized memory.

shm_mq_send_bytes didn't invariably initialize *bytes_written before
returning, which would cause shm_mq_send to read from uninitialized
memory and add the value it found there to mqh->mqh_partial_bytes.
This could cause the next attempt to send a message via the queue to
fail an assertion (if the queue was detached) or copy data from a
garbage pointer value into the queue (if non-blocking mode was in use).
merge master