Clarify guideline on the use of boolean operators

The use of the term 'boolean expression' left some uncertainty as to
when to use which operators. See
https://github.com/thoughtbot/whetstone/pull/30#discussion_r10706657
Add environment variables before deploying
Add contribution guidelines
Specify quotes for Scss
Use RSpec's `allow` syntax instead of `stub`

`allow` was added to RSpec 2 along with `expect` as part of the move
away from `should` and `stub` which monkey-patched `Object`. It will be
the default in RSpec 3.
Suggest a rebase/squash before pull requests

Performing a rebase/squash before a pull request performs an opportunity to
craft well-written commits before reviews are performed. This makes the review
easier, as the commits are easier to understand, and it allows review of the
actual commit titles and messages.
Remove guide for using single mailer

This is not a guideline we often follow. In addition, it's fairly
restrictive and leads to poor organization of information that could be
better expressed with proper naming. If anything this guide violates our
other guide for naming things to reveal intent.
Add a period
Order ActiveRecord associations above validations

* Mirror class order in tests
Add space around operands in Sass
Fix
Prefer double quotes in Ruby

This will reduce the number of changes we have to make: when a string
transitions into something that needs interpolation, we do not need to
change the quotes.

This will also bring consistency to our writing: all strings will now
have double quotes, regardless of their contents.

It also puts us more in line with a large amount of external Ruby code,
which tends to use double quotes.
Fix Git protocol link

Rebase workflow changed location to inside of protocol/git/README.md
Update Objective-C style guide
Highlight directory paths
More rewrites
Update style sample and style readme
Add type preference
Add autolayout preference
PR comments