Test to ensure content_tag works when fixing #17661

After c2fe093, which was reverted yesterday, there will likely be
future PRs to address #17661.

The test `actionview/test/template/capture_helper_test.rb
#test_capture_returns_nil_if_the_returned_value_is_not_a_string` should
have errored with c2fe093, but it was rewritten in the PR to not raise.
My guess is that it may have seemed irrelevant to the content_tag tests
or already covered by them.

This test provides additional protection by being in the content_tag
test suite to explicitly raise a red flag in future cases. It foregoes
some redundancy for safety — at least until #17661 is closed.
Merge pull request #18054 from jonatack/add_content_tag_test

Test to ensure content_tag works when fixing #17661