add particle attribute `chargeState`

add species attribute `chargeState`

- attribute can added optional to a species
- if species has `chargeState` it is used in the trait function `getCharge(...)`
- add new namespaces `picongpu::traits::frame` and `picongpu::traits::attribute`

**This pull request changes the trait `getCharge(...)` and `getMass(...)`**

The `chargeState` is not set to the valid default value inside the initialization , this is a general problem and would fixed in a separate pull request