Fix "'astropy' not loaded, cannot perform relative import" error in test
suite.

This fixes an occasional issue we've seen on Travis where one sees:
"'astropy' not loaded, cannot perform relative import".  I was able to
reproduce it consistently, by installing and running the tests with
`python -c "import astropy; astropy.test()"`.

The issue here is that when the `test/test_imports.py:test_imports` test
runs, it ends up importing astropy for a second time (i.e. reloading).
I'm not sure why, but `astropy` is not in `sys.modules` at that
point (though many of its submodules are) so it effectively does a
reload.  This reload causes it to try to write the configuration file
again.  The problem is that we have a `py.test` fixture that creates a
new temporary directory to store the config file and then deletes it
when done on each and every test.  So when astropy is reloaded, it tries
to create a config file in the old temporary directory (used by an
earlier test in the `configuration` subpackage), but now that temporary
directory no longer exists (since the location of all loaded
configuration files is cached, its location really can not change during
the life of the interpreter).

There are two independent ways to fix this, and I would advocate doing
both:

- 1. Don't update the config file if the config file directory doesn't
     exist.  (There is already code to create the config directory in
     the "normal" case, but it falls down here because the temporary
     config directory gets deleted underneath us).  That is a corner
     case that I don't think we have to handle.

- 2. Remove the py.test fixture that creates a temporary configuration
     directory with each test.  There is already code to do this for the
     entire test run, and I don't see the need to do this more than
     once.  It saves a lot of busy work and system calls if nothing
     else.
Merge pull request #2666 from mdboom/test/fix-importing-problem

Fix "'astropy' not loaded, cannot perform relative import" error in test