Fix some lint failures and cleanup code.

I have been getting annoyed at the lint failures here. Not a big fan of
using strings but that's what the default foodcritic (or rubocop?) tells
me to change. If anyone cares otherwise feel free to submit a PR.
Add some more test coverage after recipe refactor.

The more green the better.
Some housekeeping to update documents, gems, travis, etc.

This just preparing for a normal release. Updating some gems that
weren't building properly, and no longer building against Ruby 2.0.0 now
that Chef 12 will ship with Ruby 2.1.2. No more guessing!
Bump default version of Consul to 0.3.1.
Fix a few more lint failures in LWRP.
Tighten up the ChefSpec tests a little more.