[SPARK-732][SPARK-3628][CORE][RESUBMIT] eliminate duplicate update on accmulator

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-3628

In current implementation, the accumulator will be updated for every successfully finished task, even the task is from a resubmitted stage, which makes the accumulator counter-intuitive

In this patch, I changed the way for the DAGScheduler to update the accumulator,

DAGScheduler maintains a HashTable, mapping the stage id to the received <accumulator_id , value> pairs. Only when the stage becomes independent, (no job needs it any more), we accumulate the values of the <accumulator_id , value> pairs, when a task finished, we check if the HashTable has contained such stageId, it saves the accumulator_id, value only when the task is the first finished task of a new stage or the stage is running for the first attempt...

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #2524 from CodingCat/SPARK-732-1 and squashes the following commits:

701a1e8 [CodingCat] roll back change on Accumulator.scala
1433e6f [CodingCat] make MIMA happy
b233737 [CodingCat] address Matei's comments
02261b8 [CodingCat] rollback  some changes
6b0aff9 [CodingCat] update document
2b2e8cf [CodingCat] updateAccumulator
83b75f8 [CodingCat] style fix
84570d2 [CodingCat] re-enable  the bad accumulator guard
1e9e14d [CodingCat] add NPE guard
21b6840 [CodingCat] simplify the patch
88d1f03 [CodingCat] fix rebase error
f74266b [CodingCat] add test case for resubmitted result stage
5cf586f [CodingCat] de-duplicate on task level
138f9b3 [CodingCat] make MIMA happy
67593d2 [CodingCat] make if allowing duplicate update as an option of accumulator
[Release] Automate generation of contributors list

This commit provides a script that computes the contributors list
by linking the github commits with JIRA issues. Automatically
translating github usernames remains a TODO at this point.
SPARK-4170 [CORE] Closure problems when running Scala app that "extends App"

Warn against subclassing scala.App, and remove one instance of this in examples

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #3497 from srowen/SPARK-4170 and squashes the following commits:

4a6131f [Sean Owen] Restore multiline string formatting
a8ca895 [Sean Owen] Warn against subclassing scala.App, and remove one instance of this in examples
[SPARK-4626] Kill a task only if the executorId is (still) registered with the scheduler

Author: roxchkplusony <roxchkplusony@gmail.com>

Closes #3483 from roxchkplusony/bugfix/4626 and squashes the following commits:

aba9184 [roxchkplusony] replace warning message per review
5e7fdea [roxchkplusony] [SPARK-4626] Kill a task only if the executorId is (still) registered with the scheduler
[SPARK-4613][Core] Java API for JdbcRDD

This PR introduces a set of Java APIs for using `JdbcRDD`:

1. Trait (interface) `JdbcRDD.ConnectionFactory`: equivalent to the `getConnection: () => Connection` parameter in `JdbcRDD` constructor.
2. Two overloaded versions of `Jdbc.create`: used to create `JavaRDD` that wraps a `JdbcRDD`.

<!-- Reviewable:start -->
[<img src="https://reviewable.io/review_button.png" height=40 alt="Review on Reviewable"/>](https://reviewable.io/reviews/apache/spark/3478)
<!-- Reviewable:end -->

Author: Cheng Lian <lian@databricks.com>

Closes #3478 from liancheng/japi-jdbc-rdd and squashes the following commits:

9a54625 [Cheng Lian] Only shutdowns a single DB rather than the whole Derby driver
d4cedc5 [Cheng Lian] Moves Java JdbcRDD test case to a separate test suite
ffcdf2e [Cheng Lian] Java API for JdbcRDD
[SPARK-4619][Storage]delete redundant time suffix

Time suffix exists in Utils.getUsedTimeMs(startTime), no need to append again, delete that

Author: maji2014 <maji3@asiainfo.com>

Closes #3475 from maji2014/SPARK-4619 and squashes the following commits:

df0da4e [maji2014] delete redundant time suffix
[SPARK-4645][SQL] Disables asynchronous execution in Hive 0.13.1 HiveThriftServer2

This PR disables HiveThriftServer2 asynchronous execution by setting `runInBackground` argument in `ExecuteStatementOperation` to `false`, and reverting `SparkExecuteStatementOperation.run` in Hive 13 shim to Hive 12 version. This change makes Simba ODBC driver v1.0.0.1000 work.

<!-- Reviewable:start -->
[<img src="https://reviewable.io/review_button.png" height=40 alt="Review on Reviewable"/>](https://reviewable.io/reviews/apache/spark/3506)
<!-- Reviewable:end -->

Author: Cheng Lian <lian@databricks.com>

Closes #3506 from liancheng/disable-async-exec and squashes the following commits:

593804d [Cheng Lian] Disables asynchronous execution in Hive 0.13.1 HiveThriftServer2
Delete unnecessary function

when building spark by sbt, the function “runAlternateBoot" in sbt/sbt-launch-lib.bash is not used. And this function is not used by spark code. So I think this function is not necessary. And the option of "sbt.boot.properties" can be configured in the command line when building spark, eg:
sbt/sbt assembly -Dsbt.boot.properties=$bootpropsfile.

The file from https://github.com/sbt/sbt-launcher-package is changed. And the function “runAlternateBoot" is deleted in upstream project. I think spark project should delete this function in file sbt/sbt-launch-lib.bash. Thanks.

Author: KaiXinXiaoLei <huleilei1@huawei.com>

Closes #3224 from KaiXinXiaoLei/deleteFunction and squashes the following commits:

e8eac49 [KaiXinXiaoLei] Delete blank lines.
efe36d4 [KaiXinXiaoLei] Delete unnecessary function
[SPARK-4643] [Build] Remove unneeded staging repositories from build

The old location will return a 404.

Author: Daoyuan Wang <daoyuan.wang@intel.com>

Closes #3504 from adrian-wang/repo and squashes the following commits:

f604e05 [Daoyuan Wang] already in maven central, remove at all
f494fac [Daoyuan Wang] spark staging repo outdated
[SPARK-4193][BUILD] Disable doclint in Java 8 to prevent from build error.

Author: Takuya UESHIN <ueshin@happy-camper.st>

Closes #3058 from ueshin/issues/SPARK-4193 and squashes the following commits:

e096bb1 [Takuya UESHIN] Add a plugin declaration to pluginManagement.
6762ec2 [Takuya UESHIN] Fix usage of -Xdoclint javadoc option.
fdb280a [Takuya UESHIN] Fix Javadoc errors.
4745f3c [Takuya UESHIN] Merge branch 'master' into issues/SPARK-4193
923e2f0 [Takuya UESHIN] Use doclint option `-missing` instead of `none`.
30d6718 [Takuya UESHIN] Fix Javadoc errors.
b548017 [Takuya UESHIN] Disable doclint in Java 8 to prevent from build error.
[SPARK-4584] [yarn] Remove security manager from Yarn AM.

The security manager adds a lot of overhead to the runtime of the
app, and causes a severe performance regression. Even stubbing out
all unneeded methods (all except checkExit()) does not help.

So, instead, penalize users who do an explicit System.exit() by leaving
them in "undefined behavior" territory: if they do that, the Yarn
backend won't be able to report the final app status to the RM.
The result is that the final status of the application might not match
the user's expectations.

One side-effect of the change is that users who do an explicit
System.exit() will lose the AM retry functionality. Since there is
no way to know if the exit was because of success or failure, the
AM right now errs on the side of it being a successful exit.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #3484 from vanzin/SPARK-4584 and squashes the following commits:

21f2502 [Marcelo Vanzin] Do not retry apps that use System.exit().
4198b3b [Marcelo Vanzin] [SPARK-4584] [yarn] Remove security manager from Yarn AM.
SPARK-1450 [EC2] Specify the default zone in the EC2 script help

This looks like a one-liner, so I took a shot at it. There can be no fixed default availability zone since the names are different per region. But the default behavior can be documented:

```
    if opts.zone == "":
        opts.zone = random.choice(conn.get_all_zones()).name
```

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #3454 from srowen/SPARK-1450 and squashes the following commits:

9193cf3 [Sean Owen] Document that --zone defaults to a single random zone
[SPARK-4597] Use proper exception and reset variable in Utils.createTempDir()

`File.exists()` and `File.mkdirs()` only throw `SecurityException` instead of `IOException`. Then, when an exception is thrown, `dir` should be reset too.

Author: Liang-Chi Hsieh <viirya@gmail.com>

Closes #3449 from viirya/fix_createtempdir and squashes the following commits:

36cacbd [Liang-Chi Hsieh] Use proper exception and reset variable.
MAINTENANCE: Automated closing of pull requests.

This commit exists to close the following pull requests on Github:

Closes #3451 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1310 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #3207 (close requested by 'JoshRosen')
[SPARK-3398] [SPARK-4325] [EC2] Use EC2 status checks.

This PR re-introduces [0e648bc](https://github.com/apache/spark/commit/0e648bc2bedcbeb55fce5efac04f6dbad9f063b4) from PR #2339, which somehow never made it into the codebase.

Additionally, it removes a now-unnecessary linear backoff on the SSH checks since we are blocking on EC2 status checks before testing SSH.

Author: Nicholas Chammas <nicholas.chammas@gmail.com>

Closes #3195 from nchammas/remove-ec2-ssh-backoff and squashes the following commits:

efb29e1 [Nicholas Chammas] Revert "Remove linear backoff."
ef3ca99 [Nicholas Chammas] reuse conn
adb4eaa [Nicholas Chammas] Remove linear backoff.
55caa24 [Nicholas Chammas] Check EC2 status checks before SSH.
Include the key name when failing on an invalid value.

Admittedly a really small tweak.

Author: Stephen Haberman <stephen@exigencecorp.com>

Closes #3514 from stephenh/include-key-name-in-npe and squashes the following commits:

937740a [Stephen Haberman] Include the key name when failing on an invalid value.
[SPARK-4057] Use -agentlib instead of -Xdebug in sbt-launch-lib.bash for debugging

In -launch-lib.bash, -Xdebug option is used for debugging. We should use -agentlib option for Java 6+.

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2904 from sarutak/SPARK-4057 and squashes the following commits:

39b5320 [Kousuke Saruta] Merge branch 'master' of git://git.apache.org/spark into SPARK-4057
26b4af8 [Kousuke Saruta] Improved java option for debugging
[SPARK-4505][Core] Add a ClassTag parameter to CompactBuffer[T]

Added a ClassTag parameter to CompactBuffer. So CompactBuffer[T] can create primitive arrays for primitive types. It will reduce the memory usage for primitive types significantly and only pay minor performance lost.

Here is my test code:
```Scala
  // Call org.apache.spark.util.SizeEstimator.estimate
  def estimateSize(obj: AnyRef): Long = {
    val c = Class.forName("org.apache.spark.util.SizeEstimator$")
    val f = c.getField("MODULE$")
    val o = f.get(c)
    val m = c.getMethod("estimate", classOf[Object])
    m.setAccessible(true)
    m.invoke(o, obj).asInstanceOf[Long]
  }

  sc.parallelize(1 to 10000).groupBy(_ => 1).foreach {
    case (k, v) =>
      println(v.getClass() + " size: " + estimateSize(v))
  }
```

Using the previous CompactBuffer outputed
```
class org.apache.spark.util.collection.CompactBuffer size: 313358
```

Using the new CompactBuffer outputed
```
class org.apache.spark.util.collection.CompactBuffer size: 65712
```

In this case, the new `CompactBuffer` only used 20% memory of the previous one. It's really helpful for `groupByKey` when using a primitive value.

Author: zsxwing <zsxwing@gmail.com>

Closes #3378 from zsxwing/SPARK-4505 and squashes the following commits:

4abdbba [zsxwing] Add a ClassTag parameter to reduce the memory usage of CompactBuffer[T] when T is a primitive type
SPARK-4507: PR merge script should support closing multiple JIRA tickets

This will fix SPARK-4507.

For pull requests that reference multiple JIRAs in their titles, it would be helpful if the PR merge script offered to close all of them.

Author: Takayuki Hasegawa <takayuki.hasegawa0311@gmail.com>

Closes #3428 from hase1031/SPARK-4507 and squashes the following commits:

bf6d64b [Takayuki Hasegawa] SPARK-4507: try to resolve issue when no JIRAs in title
401224c [Takayuki Hasegawa] SPARK-4507: moved codes as before
ce89021 [Takayuki Hasegawa] SPARK-4507: PR merge script should support closing multiple JIRA tickets
[DOCS][BUILD] Add instruction to use change-version-to-2.11.sh in 'Building for Scala 2.11'.

To build with Scala 2.11, we have to execute `change-version-to-2.11.sh` before Maven execute, otherwise inter-module dependencies are broken.

Author: Takuya UESHIN <ueshin@happy-camper.st>

Closes #3361 from ueshin/docs/building-spark_2.11 and squashes the following commits:

1d29126 [Takuya UESHIN] Add instruction to use change-version-to-2.11.sh in 'Building for Scala 2.11'.