Update INSTALL file for Linux distributions

Add more details installation/compilation instructions for
Redhat-based distros, debian-based distros, Arch Linux, Gentoo, and
OpenSUSE distros

Fix incomplete Debian installation instructions, and separate out
instructions and package requirements that were specific to Debian-based
distros.  Most of the instructions in the file were previously specific
only to Debian.  Also added some brief instructions for an easy and
minimal FFmpeg installation.