rustc: Start accepting `*const T`

This does not yet change the compiler and libraries from `*T` to `*const T` as
it will require a snapshot to do so.

cc #7362
librustc: Don't overwrite vtables when coercing to trait object.
Fix spans for doc comments
Remove obsolete test

This test was added long time ago and marked as ignored.
The same test was added later in #8485 as run-fail/issue-3907.rs,
but the old one was not deleted.
Don't require mutable StringReader to emit lexer errors

Teach StringReader how to emit errors for arbitrary spans, so we don't
need to modify peek_span. This allows for emitting errors without having
a &mut borrow of the StringReader.
Handle CRLF properly in the lexer

The lexer already ignores CRLF in between tokens, but it doesn't
properly handle carriage returns inside strings and doc comments. Teach
it to treat CRLF as LF inside these tokens, and to disallow carriage
returns that are not followed by linefeeds. This includes handling an
escaped CRLF inside a regular string token the same way it handles an
escaped LF.

This is technically a breaking change, as bare carriage returns are no
longer allowed, and CRLF sequences are now treated as LF inside strings
and doc comments, but it's very unlikely to actually affect any
real-world code.

This change is necessary to have Rust code compile on Windows the same
way it does on Unix. The mozilla/rust repository explicitly sets eol=lf
for Rust source files, but other Rust repositories don't. Notably,
rust-http cannot be compiled on Windows without converting the CRLF line
endings back to LF.

[breaking-change]
auto merge of #14400 : kballard/rust/lexer_crlf_handling, r=cmr

The lexer already ignores CRLF in between tokens, but it doesn't
properly handle carriage returns inside strings and doc comments. Teach
it to treat CRLF as LF inside these tokens, and to disallow carriage
returns that are not followed by linefeeds. This includes handling an
escaped CRLF inside a regular string token the same way it handles an
escaped LF.

This is technically a breaking change, as bare carriage returns are no
longer allowed, and CRLF sequences are now treated as LF inside strings
and doc comments, but it's very unlikely to actually affect any
real-world code.

This change is necessary to have Rust code compile on Windows the same
way it does on Unix. The mozilla/rust repository explicitly sets eol=lf
for Rust source files, but other Rust repositories don't. Notably,
rust-http cannot be compiled on Windows without converting the CRLF line
endings back to LF.

[breaking-change]
Add stability inheritance

This commit makes several changes to the stability index infrastructure:

* Stability levels are now inherited lexically, i.e., each item's
  stability level becomes the default for any nested items.

* The computed stability level for an item is stored as part of the
  metadata. When using an item from an external crate, this data is
  looked up and cached.

* The stability lint works from the computed stability level, rather
  than manual stability attribute annotations. However, the lint still
  checks only a limited set of item uses (e.g., it does not check every
  component of a path on import). This will be addressed in a later PR,
  as part of issue #8962.

* The stability lint only applies to items originating from external
  crates, since the stability index is intended as a promise to
  downstream crates.

* The "experimental" lint is now _allow_ by default. This is because
  almost all existing crates have been marked "experimental", pending
  library stabilization. With inheritance in place, this would generate
  a massive explosion of warnings for every Rust program.

  The lint should be changed back to deny-by-default after library
  stabilization is complete.

* The "deprecated" lint still warns by default.

The net result: we can begin tracking stability index for the standard
libraries as we stabilize, without impacting most clients.

Closes #13540.
auto merge of #14830 : luqmana/rust/cmtrttcbctto, r=nikomatsakis

Fixes #14399.
rustdoc: refactor code block language info into a struct.

Fields have names, unlike an anonymous tuple.
rustdoc: add the ability to run tests with --test.

This adds the `test_harness` directive that runs a code block using the
test runner, to allow for `#[test]` items to be demonstrated and still
tested (currently they are just stripped and not even compiled, let
alone run).
(doc) Properly doc hotkeys in generated docs.

Updated search bar to match help text.
Used correct, normalized hotkeys in search.
Updated shortcut menu with working shortcuts (tabs).
Changed height of search help.
auto merge of #15033 : Sawyer47/rust/old-test, r=alexcrichton

This test was added long time ago and marked as ignored.
The same test was added later in #8485 as run-fail/issue-3907.rs,
but the old one was not deleted.
Update the external links in the doc index

Splits 'extern resources' into 'external documentation and 'community',
adds rustforrubyists.com and rustbyexample.com, stackoverflow.com.
doc: Add disclaimers about versions of external docs
auto merge of #15037 : zzmp/rust/doc/hotkeys, r=alexcrichton

Continuing from #15012, this makes four changes to the `rustdoc` static files.

- Change the placeholder text of the search bar to `Click or press 'S' to search, '?' for more options...` to make keyboard hotkeys more apparent (capitalizing the `S` to match the help text).
- Change the `main.js` file to use browser-normalized key codes (`e.which`, from `jQuery`), instead of `e.keyCode`.
- Change the key code for `?` to be the correct `191` instead of `188`, so that the hotkey works to bring up search information.
- Change the search information to display `tab` and `shift+tab` instead of `up` and `down`, as those do not yet work outside of Firefox (see #15011). Also, adjust the height so it does not cut off the help text.


I've also opened up #15038 about the non-functional `up` and `down` functionality, although this does nothing to fix it.

sync: Enable the fast path of select()

This was erroneously disabled as part of 065e121f and it hasn't been turned on
since. This was a 3x perf improvement in a test of mine.
testing guide: update to use `test_harness` & fix problems.

rustdoc now supports compiling things with `--test` so the examples in
this guide can be compiled & tested properly (revealing a few issues &
out-dated behaviours).

Also, reword an example to be clearer, cc #12242.
doc: Fix margins around tables of contents

There is no space between the TOC and the succeeding para.
std: Update std::task docs to reflect modern times

This corrects some misinformation.