Bring Vagrant Berkshelf up to snuff

Issues:
- Fixes #14 
- Fixes #17 
- Fixes #26 
- Fixes #57 
- Fixes #66 
- Fixes #81 
- Fixes #90 
- Fixes #91 
- Fixes #107 
- Fixes #108 
- Fixes #117 
- Fixes #123 
- Fixes #186 
- Fixes #221 
- Fixes #223 

PRs:
- Closes #231 
- Closes #225 
- Closes #130 
- Closes #94 

TODO:
- [x] Update docs
Big change, but much requested by users. This will read the values from the "Chef" block provisioner to get the values set by the user. They then fallback to values in the Berkshelf config.json if present.