(maint) Correct ssl/puppet_cert_generate_and_autosign test to do what it says it's doing.

Prior to this commit, the test was incorrectly specifying autosign=false
when attempting to test the behavior when autosign is true. This looks
like a simple copy-paste error as the test right above is exactly the
same. This commit correctly specifies the autosign value.
(PUP-2693) Fix length calculation for sq-string

The calculation of string length was done wrong for dingle
quoted string resulting in negative lengths.
(PUP-1177) allow parsedfile providers to choose a default mode

The ParsedFile provider baseclass and its companion Util::FileType module
employ Tempfile for pre-buffering generated files. If there is no actual
file at the final desination yet, copying the tempfile will preserve its
permissions, which implies a mode of 0600.

This is not desirable for all files managed by ParsedFile providers. Therefor,
the ParsedFile provider baseclass now provides an interface to change this
default mode by overriding a method.
(maint) move the file mode tests to the files spec module

It is helpful to have a simple helper method to match desired file modes
from spec tests.
(PUP-1177) make sure ssh_known_hosts is not created with mode 0600

The default mode for files that a ParsedFile provider newly creates
is 0600. This makes no sense for the ssh_known_hosts file, because it
contains public information that adds to security for all users.
(PUP-1177) update ParsedFile provider unit tests

The constructor for the :flat filetype accepts a second argument now.
This second argument must be taken into account when stubbing specific
invocations.
(PUP-1177) restore :ram FileType compatibility

The :ram filetype, as an alternative to :flat, is often used for spectests
of ParsedFile providers. The providers normally use the :flat type, but through
mocking, are made to use :ram in test context. Since the providers often pass
both supported arguments to the :flat constructor, it must be accepted by the
constructor of the :ram type as well.
(PUP-2079) Add no-op PMT generate template format.

Prior to this commit, the mechanisms available for writing skeletons containing ERB templates
were awkward at best (and broken at worst).

This change adds a new template extension for module skeletons that has the (somewhat counter-
intuitive, when described this way) behavior of performing no alterations to the given template.
In this way, one could place a file like `foo_bar.erb.template` in their module skeleton, and
generated modules would contain a file named `foo_bar.erb` with the exact contents of the
`.template` file.

This will also close pull requests #2468 and #2688.
(PUP-2807) Add output of containing scope for log functions

The log functions in 3x outputs th name of the containing scope
(for notice etc.). The reimplemented methods for the 4x function API
did not include this behavior.

Now, the calling scope is passed to the Logging utility to be output
the same way as for 3x.
(PUP-2831) Make Puppet work with RGen 0.7.0

This updates the Gemfile to use RGen 0.7.0 (optionally).
In RGen 0.7.0 containment now works as specified, if something is
contained more than once, it moves to the last container that contains
it (by removing it as contained from all other containers). This caused
problems in the Function API where the block default Callable type was
reused for all signatures (and thus moved). There were also problems in
tests where the same type instances was contained in multiple locations.

This fixes these to use distinct instances.
(maint) Remove dead code
(PUP-2833) Make all types inherit PAnyType

Some types inherited PAbstractType (to indicate they where not
concrete). This just causes confusion when using the Ruby API
to check if a Type is PAnyType.

This makes all types inherit from PAnyType (which is the only
type inheriting from PAbstractType).
(RE-1497) Remove quantal from build_defaults

This commit removes quantal from all build defaults because it is end of
life. It removes the defaults from the build_defaults yaml.
Merge pull request #2807 from clantant/RE-1497/stable/srcs

(RE-1497) Remove quantal from build_defaults
(maint) Fix Pattern / Variant Type assignability

This fix corrects Pattern.assignable?(Variant) which was not
correctly supported in the type calculator. (It gave up if t2
was not a String or an Enum). Now, if t2 is a Variant,
the check recurses to the types described by the enum.
(maint) Fix Enum / Variant assignability

The type calculator did not correctly compute assignability
for an Enum when assigning a Variant type. Now, all variants
are checked if they are assignable to the enum type.
(maint) Fix problem with Enum subset not matching Enum

This corrects a problem where Enum[a] was not assignable to
Enum[a,b], since it is a subset, it should be assignable.
(maint) Add the ability to inject calling scope into function.

The InteralFunction API now has the ability to "inject" and weave
the calling scope into the dispatched arguments by calling
the method scope_param() when building the dispatcher.
(PUP-2845) Move the epp function to the 4x function API.

This moves the epp function to the new function API.
The type checking is much approved as a consequence as the function
is now protected against spilling non variable name compliant
variables into the scope.
(PUP-2845) Move the inline_epp function to the new function API.

This moves the function inline_epp to use the new function API.
This also improves the argument checking since it is not not possible
to leak non variable name compliant variables into the scope.