Use a versioning scheme for bytecode objects in rlibs.

Before this commit, the LLVM IR of exported items was simply zip-compressed and stored as an object file inside rlib archives. This commit adds a header to this "object" containing a file identifier and a format version number so the compiler can deal with changes in the way bytecode objects are stored within rlibs.

While updating the format of bytecode objects, this commit also worksaround a problem in LLDB which could not handle odd-sized objects within archives before mid-2014.
auto merge of #16139 : michaelwoerister/rust/rlib-bc-versioning, r=alexcrichton

Before this commit, the LLVM IR of exported items was simply zip-compressed and stored as an object file inside rlib archives. This commit adds a header to this "object" containing a file identifier and a format version number so the compiler can deal with changes in the way bytecode objects are stored within rlibs.

While updating the format of bytecode objects, this commit also worksaround a problem in LLDB which could not handle odd-sized objects within archives before mid-2014.

Fixes #15950.