Type Object and quotation mark edits

Proofreading edits to the Type Object chapter, a few minor fixes to move
punctuation that appeared inside quotation marks outside of the
quotation marks (unless it was part of the quoted matter), and an update
to the style guide.
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/munificent/game-programming-patterns

Conflicts:
	book/type-object.markdown

For some reason, the Type Object chapter had a conflict. I checked your repository and changed the file to match what you committed, so hopefully this works!
Decoupling Patterns and Component Markdown edits

This commit includes proofreading changes to the Decoupling Patterns and
Component Markdown files.
Type Object fixes

When I did my "git pull upstream master", these two changes to Type
Object were not included for some reason, so I am committing them so
that my files match up with the current versions.
Merge branch 'laurenbee-master'