examples/test.cpp:  Place C++ C headers first
examples/test.cpp:  Use cstdint types
change append field_ to byte_offset and bit_offset
protocol_helper.hpp:  Replace const variables with template class enums

* This reduces the binary size of test by 176 bytes.
protocol_helper.hpp:  Replaced 8 with bits_per_byte

* In the event where a byte is not 8 bits.