Revised replicated log tests to use TemporaryDirectoryTest to ensure
temp files are properly cleaned up.

From: Jiang Yan Xu <yan@jxu.me>
Review: https://reviews.apache.org/r/14544
Truncated only Mesos IDs that look like UUIDs.

Framework IDs are truncated regardless of their format right now, but
frameworks assign their own IDs without any restrictions. For frameworks
that use IDs that don't look like UUIDs, they end up with just empty
strings as their truncated IDs.

Review: http://reviews.apache.org/r/14635
Fixed example tests to properly wait for the scheduler process to
terminate.

Review: https://reviews.apache.org/r/14640
Disabled the RecoveryTimeout test.

See: MESOS-685.
Added a Getting Started doc.
Added function indentation rules to the style guide.
Fixed testing isolator and tests to properly handle multiple executors.

Review: https://reviews.apache.org/r/14097