Cast number to string in Postgres

fixes #9170
Document change to clashing named route selection from journey commit 98a9802a
Add documentation to ActionDispatch::Request
Add support for generate scaffold password:digest

* adds password_digest attribute to the migration
* adds has_secure_password to the model
* adds password and password_confirmation password_fields to _form.html
* omits password entirely from index.html and show.html
* adds password and password_confirmation to the controller
* adds unencrypted password and password_confirmation to the controller test
* adds encrypted password_digest to the fixture
Merge pull request #9699 from rubys/scaffold_password_digest

Add support for generate scaffold password:digest

* adds password_digest attribute to the migration
* adds has_secure_password to the model
* adds password and password_confirmation password_fields to _form.html
* omits password from index.html and show.html
* adds password and password_confirmation to the controller
* adds unencrypted password and password_confirmation to the controller test
* adds encrypted password_digest to the fixture
Merge pull request #9690 from trevorturk/upgrade-notes

Rails 4 upgrade notes about clashing named route selection changes
Merge pull request #9698 from garethrees/request_documentation

Add documentation to ActionDispatch::Request
Fix docs: response -> request.

Even though I read it carefully, my brain tricked me. :cry:
Add extra clarifying line in docs. [ci skip]
MOAR cleanups.
Merge pull request #9711 from vipulnsward/moar_cleanups

MOAR cleanups of unused variables.
Handle conditional get in live requests - this will prevent error when using stale on live streams(issue #9636)
Merge pull request #9713 from imanel/live_stale

Handle conditional get in live requests
extract factory method and push common code up to abstract adapter
use the method so we do not depend on internal ivars
hashes are ordered, so just use the columns_hash ivar
Apparently people were mutating this array. :'(

This reverts commit abba61e2bbe320894ba8449ebdf778a1d2af545b.
pg is the only adapter that supports the xml type, so push the method down
UTF-8 encode all keys and values in nested params hash.
you can provide uuid_generate_v4 as the default value for uuid columns