support for rand(Ranges) and rand(Ranges,dims)

previously rand accepted only Range1{T<:Integer}
Update embedding.rst

@vtjnash made some comments in my master branch (thanks!). I have incorperated his suggestions into this PR
power_by_squaring(x,p): fix failures for large p.

Previously 7^typemax(Int) would hang forever. Now:

	julia> 7^typemax(Int)
	7905747460161236407

	julia> 7*ans
	1

Since typemax(Int) is the size of the multiplicative group of all
integers modulo 2^64, this is particularly useful as it gives you
the multiplicative inverse of 7 (or whatever number).
Fix #5080.
Added type specifier on boolean type in show_method_table
Added explanation and example for undefined associativity in reduce
Add sparse transposed matrix-vector product.
Merge pull request #5087 from ivarne/showfix

Added type specifier on boolean type in show_method_table
Merge pull request #5088 from JuliaLang/anj/sparseatb

Add sparse transposed matrix-vector product.
fix #5084; in base/range.jl, minimum, maximum: use ?: not &&, ||.

A slightly sketchy use of && and || as control flow got into range.jl
with unfortunate consequences for performance. Reminds me of just how
delicate that file is. I suspect that we *could* enhance the inference
for && and || in this case, but I'm not positive. In any case, using
a "real" control-flow construct like the ternary operator works too.
Merge branch 'master' of github.com:JuliaLang/julia
Merge pull request #5086 from ivarne/docfix

Added explanation and example for undefined associativity in reduce
Added note about paralellism to reduce documentation.

Also referenced `reduce` comments in `mapreduce` and `reducedims`.
Merge pull request #5092 from ivarne/docfix

Added note about paralellism to reduce documentation.
Fix #5089 (hex floating point literals ignored sign)
Fix #5051
Fix error in sparse tests
Merge pull request #5094 from ivarne/issue-5051

Fix #5051
Doc: Fix parse signature, add a short-form entry

See discussion in https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/julia-dev/ulCca30P55g
Improve manual page add add julia-{basic,readlines}

Packagers need to provide man pages for all executables. Also fix
/" escape sequence, which triggers a warning when checking RPM
package. Finally, improve the contents a bit, inspired from the
Debian man page.