Fleshing out README

Nothing is more annoying than finding a project's readme lacking.
This commit adds some useful information about the project itself
(motivation, etc.) as well as technical details about working on
the project.
Adding basic Vagrant box config and instructions

The dev VM will be managed using Vagrant and provisioned via
puppet to make development environments consistent among
contributors. This commit adds base puppet provisioning (thanks to
jtreminio and puphpet.com) and instructions into the readme for
getting started.
Updating LICENSE copyright holder

Since OpenCfP is not a valid entity, I am attributing copyright
to myself.
Adding base composer dependencies

Setting up the composer.json specification and adding the composer
files to the project's git ignore file so dependencies and other
artifacts do not get committed to the project by mistake.