linux_udev: Don't free the udev_monitor while the event thread may still use it

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
POSIX: Set usbi_pipe to non-blocking by oring O_NONBLOCK to fd flags.

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
linux_udev: Fix spelling of guarantee in comment

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
libusb: Add auto-detach-kernel-driver functionality

Add auto-detach-kernel-driver functionality, and a
libusb_set_auto_detach_kernel_driver() function.

Note that I went with a libusb_set_auto_detach_kernel_driver() function,
rather then with a libusb_enable_auto_detach_kernel_driver(), so that apps
can also disable it again. This is necessary to handle 2 corner cases:

1) When an app wants to do a libusb_set_configuration after claiming 1 or
more interfaces, it needs to first release the interface(s), and in this
case libusb_release_interface() should *not* (re-)attach the kernel driver

2) Some usb classes use multiple interfaces for one function, ie usb-audio
devices do this. In this case attaching the driver will fail until all
interfaces are released, so the app should first release all interfaces, and
only then (re-)attach the kernel driver.

auto-detach-kernel-driver functionality is still useful for these apps, since
doing libusb_detach_kernel_driver() followed by libusb_claim_interface() in
2 separate calls is inherently racy, but they need to be able to disable the
auto-detach functionality before releasing interfaces to be able to properly
handle the 2 described corner cases.

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
linux_usbfs: Add support for new disconnect-and-claim ioctl

Currently the linux_usbfs detach_kernel_driver_and_claim() helper function
makes 3 system calls:
1) IOCTL_USBFS_GETDRIVER, to check the driver is not usbfs
2) IOCTL_USBFS_DISCONNECT
3) IOCTL_USBFS_CLAIMINTF

Between each of these calls the state of the interface can change, and
things might not work as expected when it does, iow this is inherently racy.

To fix this a new IOCTL_USBFS_DISCONNECT_CLAIM ioctl has been added to the
kernel a while back, which does all 3 in one. This patch adds support for
this ioctl, with a fall back to the old method for kernels lacking this new
ioctl.

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
linux_usbfs: Work around a driver binding race in reset handling

I've been seeing these intermittent failures to reclaim an interface after
a device reset. After much debugging and inserting sleeps in strategic
places to make the race window larger I've found the following race:
1) A user is running some software using libusbx which will automatically
   detect, and "bind" to, any newly plugged in USB-devices. For example
   a virtual machine viewer with automatic USB-redirection
2) The user plugs in a new usb-storage device
3) The usb-storage driver is not yet loaded, udev spawns
   "modprobe usb-storage", this blocks on disk-io
4) The libusbx app opens the device, claims all interfaces, does a device-reset
5) While the IOCTL_USBFS_RESET is running the modprobe completes
6) The driver registration blocks on an USB lock held by the reset code path
7) When the reset finishes the driver registration completes and the driver
   binds itself to the device, before IOCTL_USBFS_RESET returns to userspace
8) libusbx tries to re-claim all interfaces it had claimed before the reset
9) libusbx fails as usb-storage is now bound to it

This patch works around this issue by simply unbinding the driver for all
interfaces which were claimed before the reset. Normally this is a no-op as
no driver (other then usbfs) can be bound for claimed interfaces before the
reset.

This patch also improves the error logging, and makes libusb_device_reset
properly return an error when re-claiming fails.

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
examples: use libusb_set_auto_detach_kernel_driver()

What better way to show how useful libusb_set_auto_detach_kernel_driver() is,
then to use it in our examples?

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Fix several -Wconversion warnings from GCC inside the static inline functions.

Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>