[analyzer] Tighten up safety in the use of lazy bindings.

- When deciding if we can reuse a lazy binding, make sure to check if there
  are additional bindings in the sub-region.
- When reading from a lazy binding, don't accidentally strip off casts or
  base object regions. This slows down lazy binding reading a bit but is
  necessary for type sanity when treating one class as another.

A bit of minor refactoring allowed these two checks to be unified in a nice
early-return-using helper function.

<rdar://problem/13239840>