Thread0 can call pthread_exit()

Needed to not free thread0's TLS (it was never malloc'd), and needed to
trigger exit() when the last pthread (including thread0) exits.
Slightly more consistent VC count interfaces

The main concern was the size of size_t vs uint32_t.  We're still sloppy
about uint32_t vs int.

The kernel header still has max_vcores as a size_t.  I'll change that
next time I muck around in that part of the headers (I don't want to
force more toolchain rebuilds).
Multiboot memory detection fixes

A few things:
- Multiboot's regions don't cover all of physical memory; it has holes.  We now
  init the pages[] array (for x86) to mark all pages as busy, and explicitly
  mark the free pages.
- The previous version of this worked a little, since the unmarked, non-free
  pages weren't on any free page lists.  However, the contiguous memory
  allocator (which is really lousy btw) looks directly at refcnts, bypassing
  the lists.
- One problem is that there is a big chunk of unusable memory around 0xfec00000
  (IOAPIC and friends).  This was working okay with multiboot's memory
  mappings, but not with qemu's "here's a lot of memory" approach.  In lieu of
  doing full-fledged memory detection/probing, I'm just ignoring physical
  memory from [0xc0000000, 0xffffffff].  This only applies to qemu, when
  launched with the -kernel flag.
- 32 bit had some other issues when giving out memory near the 4GB mark, as
  well as having other issues with 64 bit addresses (note some of the changes
  from %p to 0x%016llx).
- The bug with giving out pages that were mapped to IO/BIOS/x86 magic regions
  in high memory showed up as clobbered bookkeeping in small slab pages in
  kmem_cache_grow() (stored at the end of the pages improperly allocated).
  Good times!
ROUNDDOWN can handle uint64_t on 32 bit (XCC)

ROUNDDOWN was casting to a uintptr_t, which would truncate a uint64_t on
32 bit builds.  (Came up in mboot parsing, when pages above
0x0000000100000000 would get treated as if offset from 0).

Since the compiler complains about the int->pointer->int casting, even
in code that should never be called (based on the sizeof() in
ROUNDDOWN), we had to make ROUNDDOWN (and ROUNDUP) only work on
uintptr_t.  Ideally, we'll fix that in the future (C11 features,
perhaps).

You should reinstall your kernel headers to get the new changes for
userspace, though it's not a huge deal.