Debug Info: Use identifier to reference DIType in base type field of
ptr_to_member.

We introduce a new class DITypeRef that represents a reference to a DIType.
It wraps around a Value*, which can be either an identifier in MDString
or an actual MDNode. The class has a helper function "resolve" that
finds the actual MDNode for a given DITypeRef.

We specialize getFieldAs to return a field that is a reference to a
DIType. To correctly access the base type field of ptr_to_member,
getClassType now calls getFieldAs<DITypeRef> to return a DITypeRef.

Also add a typedef for DITypeIdentifierMap and a helper
generateDITypeIdentifierMap in DebugInfo.h. In DwarfDebug.cpp, we keep
a DITypeIdentifierMap and call generateDITypeIdentifierMap to actually
populate the map.

Verifier is updated accordingly.