Rework LLVM metadata representation to be more accurate.
Add ability to call functions with metadata as arguments to LLVM
backend.
Iteration on dterei's metadata design

- MetaArgs is not needed, as variables are already meta data

- Same goes for MetaVal - its only reason for existing seems to be to
  support LLVM's strange pretty-printing for meta-data annotations, and
  I feel that is better to keep the data structure clean and handle it in
  the pretty-printing instead.

- Rename "MetaData" to "MetaAnnot". Meta-data is still meta-data when it
  is not associated with an expression or statement - for example compile
  unit data for debugging. I feel the old name was a bit misleading.

- Make the renamed MetaAnnot a proper data type instead of a type alias
  for a pair.

- Rename "MetaExpr" constructor to "MetaStruct". As the data is much more
  like a LLVM structure (not array, as it can contain values).

- Fix a warning
Use SDoc for all LLVM pretty-printing

This patch reworks some parts of the LLVM pretty-printing code that were
still using Show and String. Now we should be using SDoc and Outputable
throughout. Note that many get*Name functions become pp*Name
here as a side-effect.
Extend globals to aliases

Also give them a proper constructor - getGlobalVar and getGlobalValue
map directly to the accessors.
Rewrite ppLlvmBlock to use standard library "break"
Use full contents size for arrays

I am not quite sure at what point it makes sense to look at arrays as
pointers, but I ran into at least one use case that strongly suggested
doing it this way (calculating the actual size of structures, to be exact).
Major Llvm refactoring

This combined patch reworks the LLVM backend in a number of ways:

1. Most prominently, we introduce a LlvmM monad carrying the contents of
   the old LlvmEnv around. This patch completely removes LlvmEnv and
   refactors towards standard library monad combinators wherever possible.

2. Support for streaming - we can now generate chunks of Llvm for Cmm as
   it comes in. This might improve our speed.

3. To allow streaming, we need a more flexible way to handle forward
   references. The solution (getGlobalPtr) unifies LlvmCodeGen.Data
   and getHsFunc as well.

4. Skip alloca-allocation for registers that are actually never written.
   LLVM will automatically eliminate these, but output is smaller and
   friendlier to human eyes this way.

5. We use LlvmM to collect references for llvm.used. This allows places
   other than cmmProcLlvmGens to generate entries.
LLVM refactor cleanups

Slightly more documentation, removed unused label map (huh),
removed MonadIO instance on LlvmM to improve encapsulation.
Fix Trac #7939, and add kind inference to closed type families.

Now, all open type families have result kinds that default to
*. Top-level type families have all arguments default to *,
and associated type families have all arguments that are not
mentioned in the class header default to *. Closed type
families perform kind inference, but generalize only over
those kind variables that are parametric in their use.

This is all a little fiddly and specific, but it seems to follow
use cases. This commit also includes a large
Note [Kind-checking strategies] in TcHsType that helps keep all
of this straight.
Fix stale comments around closed type families.
Update user's guide for kind inference for closed type families.
Merge branch 'master' of ssh://darcs.haskell.org/srv/darcs/ghc