Reduce the amount of complexity in format!

This renames the syntax-extension file to format from ifmt, and it also reduces
the amount of complexity inside by defining all other macros in terms of
format_args!
Document all of the format! related macros
auto merge of #9153 : alexcrichton/rust/simplify-format, r=huonw

This follows from the discussion in #9012.

* All macros are now defined in terms of `format_args!` allowing for removal of a good bit of code in the syntax extension
* The syntax extension is now in a more aptly-named file, `format.rs`
* Documentation was added for the `format!`-related macros.