Fix Ubuntu bug in pkg.purged, pkg.removed states

17e35529 introduced a bug in which a nonexistant kwargs dict was being
referenced in the pkg.purge and pkg.remove functions. This is a blocker
for pkg.purged and pkg.removed states in Ubuntu.

I added kwargs to the pkg.purged and pkg.removed states, as well as to
each pkg provider which had a purge or remove function.

Note that this commit contains a lot of the same pep8 fixes that I made
in pull request #3311, so let me know if you want me to rebase once this
is merged.
Default refresh to True (ebuild)

See #3302
Make both "refresh=true" and "refresh=True" work

Also pep8 fixes.
Default refresh to True (pkgutil) + pep8 fixes

See #3302
Add refresh param + pep8 fixes

list_upgrades and upgrade are not yet implemented, but I added some
commented-out bits that can be uncommented once these functions are
implemented.
Default refresh to True (yumpkg) + pep8 fixes

See #3302
Added unittest support to rpm spec.
Default refresh to True (yumpkg5) + pep8 fixes

See #3302
Default refresh to True (zypper) + pep8 fixes

See #3302
Prevent traceback using refresh param

This commit forces the 'refresh' param to be cast as a string to keep
things like 'refresh: 123' in a pkg state from causing a TypeError.
Prevent traceback using refresh param

Make the same change as was made in f0d1043 to pacman.py
Fix typo introduced in f0d1043
Add other sources of examples

I have a lengthy and growing "public" states repository that I build my various clients production on top of it.

some of them can be a little exotic.

and I think that I have the only public example of file.accumulated
Tell gitfs to ref the remote refs in the repo fetch

This lowers overhead and fixes the updae bug, it also fixes
Fix #3315
Fix #3316
As for #3316, use salt-run fileserver.update to explicitly update
instead of waiting for the built in check, checking with every file
lookup would cause far too many calls to the remote git server
Merge pull request #3319 from archtaku/develop

Fix Ubuntu bug in pkg.purged, pkg.removed states