More sophisticated RTree implementation

This new implementation is based on
http://github.com/imbcmdth/RTree/, with only a few modifications
to add the optional type and provide the API of the previous
implementation.

There is still room for optimization, but this is such an
improvement over the previous RTree already that it's worth
bringing it in now.
Only query RTree if requested geometryType is used
Use strings, like with other indices
Making RTree work in advanced compilation mode
Better optimization for advanced compilation mode
More performance and size optimizations

Not using Math.max and Math.min increases performance, and by
using ol.extent functions instead of RTree's rectangle
structures and calculations we can get rid of several functions.
Making docs more clear
Porting tests from http://github.com/imbcmdth/RTree/

Also fixes some issues that were revealed by the new tests.
Addressing @tschaub's review comments
Merge pull request #719 from ahocevar/fast-rtree

More sophisticated RTree implementation. r=@tschaub