Make value classes TreeCheckers friendly

 - allow for re-typechecking by disabling "redefinition of
   equals" errors for synthetic methods.
Ill-scoped reference checking in TreeCheckers

Find trees which have an info referring to an out-of-scope
type parameter or local symbol, as could happen in the test
for SI-6981, in which tree transplanting did not substitute
symbols in symbol infos.

The enclosed, pending test for that bug that will now
fail under -Ycheck:extmethods -Xfatal-warnings.

    [Now checking: extmethods]
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(@scala.annotation.tailrec def loop(x: A): Unit = loop(x)) : (x: A)Unit` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: method loop, method bippy$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(val x: A = _) : A` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: value x, method loop, method bippy$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(loop(x)) : (x: A)Unit` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: method loop, method bippy$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(loop) : (x: A)Unit` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: method loop, method bippy$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(x) : A` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: value x, method loop, method bippy$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(<synthetic> val x2: O.Foo[A] = (x1.asInstanceOf[O.Foo[A]]: O.Foo[A])) : O.Foo[A]` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: value x2, method equals$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(<synthetic> val Foo$1: O.Foo[A] = x$1.asInstanceOf[O.Foo[A]]) : O.Foo[A]` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: value Foo$1, method equals$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    [check: extmethods] The symbol, tpe or info of tree `(Foo$1) : O.Foo[A]` refers to a out-of-scope symbol, type A in class Foo. tree.symbol.ownerChain: value Foo$1, method equals$extension, object Foo, object O, package <empty>, package <root>
    error: TreeCheckers detected non-compliant trees in t6891.scala
    one error found
SI-6891 Fix value class + tailrec crasher.

rhs.substituteSymbols(old, new) leaves us with:

    def loop#12225(x#12226: A#15491): scala#21.this.Unit#1615 =
      loop#12225(x#12226)

In which the TermSymbol x#12226 has a stale info, pointing at
the A#7274, the class type parameter, rather than A#15491,
the corresponding type parameter of the synthetic backing
method.

I've improved `TreeSymSubstituter` to substitute not
only `Tree#{tpe, symbol}`, but also `DefTree#sym.info`.

The `pos` test that triggered the new code path are
listed here: https://gist.github.com/4575687

AFAICS, no special treatment of Function, Return, or Import
is needed in TreeSymSubstutor.
Merge pull request #1936 from retronym/ticket/6891

SI-6891 Fix value class + tailrec crasher.