109.47.00

- Added `Time_stamp_counter` module, which has fast (< 10 nanos) access to the hardware time-stamp counter.

  This module provides the fast function `Time_stamp_counter.now ()`
  which is our best effort high-performance cycle counter for a given
  platform.  For x86 systems this retrieves the CPU's internal time
  stamp counter using the `RDTSC` instruction.  For systems that do not
  have a RDTSC instruction, we fallback to using
  `clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)`.

  Here is a benchmark of execution time in nanos and allocations in words:

  ```
  Name                            Time/Run   Minor
  ------------------------------- ---------- -------
  Time.now                           39.02    2.00
  TSC.now                             7.54
  TSC.to_time                         4.88    2.00
  TSC.to_time (TSC.now ())            8.54    2.00
  TSC.to_time_nanos                   4.49
  TSC.to_time_nanos(TSC.now ())       8.95
  Calibrator.calibrate                 279   34.00
  ```

  Historically, the rate of increment of the TSC (sometimes referred to
  as the TSC frequency) varied based of CPU overclocking, temperature,
  load etc.  On modern Intel CPU's the TSC is expected to be stable.  On
  Linux systems, the "constant_tsc" in `/proc/cpuinfo` indicates that the
  machine has a stable TSC rate.  While this module assumes that the TSC
  is relatively stable, it can adapt to small variations in the TSC
  frequency.

- Changed `Daemon.daemonize` and `daemonize_wait` to leave the `umask` alone by default.

  Previously, these had alwasy set the umask to `0`, which means that
  all app-harness programs and all binaries run from grass were creating
  world-writeable (`0666`) files by default.