Add a floppy boot image for bochs emulations

This preconfigured floppy image contains an instance of GRUB which will boot a
kernel located at /kernel.
emulation/bochs: Add a bochs configuration file
emulation/bochs: Adds a collection of tools

This adds a small set of scripts for working with and running bochs
emulations. The idea is that this should help automate the routine tasks of
installing compiled kernels into a bootable flopy image and then emulating
them.
build: Include architecture-specific headers

This adds the ability for an architecture implementation to define it's
own subdirectory for headers, for example:

    		 arch/x86/include/

The objective here is to allow for implementations to define an area for
non-generic code, such as the architecture-specific wordsize, data types
and limits etc.
Documentation: document arch/<arch>/boot directory
build: Define __ARCH_<arch>__ constant

This is to be used for guarding architecture-specific code from
inclusion when compiling for that specific architecture.
include: Define integer types for x86 arch
include: Add a multiboot header

This defines Multiboot boot information. See:

     http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/multiboot/multiboot.html
emulation/bochs: Don't modify the generic floppy image

Instead of having one generic floppy image that is modified, there is a
blank floppy image which is used to generate the bootable image. This
means that the generated image can be ignored.