Move git_config_backend to include/git2/sys

Moving backend implementor objects into include/git2/sys so the
APIs can be isolated from the ones that normal libgit2 users
would be likely to use.
Move odb_backend implementors stuff into git2/sys

This moves some of the odb_backend stuff that is related to the
internals of an odb_backend implementation into include/git2/sys.

Some of the stuff related to streaming I left in include/git2
because it seemed like it would be reasonably needed by a normal
user who wanted to stream objects into and out of the ODB.

Also, I added APIs for traversing the list of backends so that
some of the tests would not need to access ODB internals.
Added git_repository_new function
Move some low-level repo fns to include/git2/sys
Added git_commit_create_oid
Move git_commit_create_from_oids into sys/commit.h

Actually this renames git_commit_create_oid to
git_commit_create_from_oids and moves the API declaration to
include/git2/sys/commit.h since it is a dangerous API for general
use (because it doesn't check that the OID list items actually
refer to real objects).
Move refdb_backend to include/git2/sys

This moves most of the refdb stuff over to the include/git2/sys
directory, with some minor shifts in function organization.

While I was making the necessary updates, I also removed the
trailing whitespace in a few files that I modified just because I
was there and it was bugging me.
Move git_reference__alloc to include/git2/sys

Create a new include/git2/sys/refs.h and move the reference alloc
functions there.  Also fix some documentation issues and some
minor code cleanups.
Add missing prototype for p_realpath().
Merge pull request #1495 from jasperla/development

Add missing prototype for p_realpath().
Merge pull request #1485 from libgit2/include-git2-sys

Create include/git2/sys and move backend APIs there