SI-7009: `@throws` annotation synthesized incorrectly

The 990b3c7 made `scala.throws` annotation polymorphic but forgot to
adapt compiler code that synthesizes it, e.g. when parsing class files.

The consequence was that we would get non-deterministically either
`scala.throws` or `scala.throws[T]` as a type for synthesized annotation.
The reason is that `Symbol.addAnnotation` would call `tpe` method which
does not initialization of symbol so type parameters list would not be
determined correctly. Only if info of that symbol was forced for other
reason we would get `scala.throws[T]`. That non-deterministic behavior
was observed in sbt's incremental compiler.

Another problem we have is that Scala allows polymorphic exceptions
so in ClassfileParser we could synthesize `@throws` annotation with
wrong (polymorphic) type applied. In such case the best we can do
is to convert such type to monomorphic one by introducing existentials.

Here's list of changes this commit introduces:
  * The `Symbol.addAnnotation` that takes symbol as argument asserts
    that the type represented by that symbol is monomorphic (disabled
    due to cycles; see comments in the code)
  * Introduce `Symbol.addAnnotation` overload that allows us to pass
    an applied type
  * Change all places where polymorphic annotations are synthesized
    to pass an applied type
  * Handle polymorphic exception types in
    `ClassfileParser.parseExceptions`

Fixes SI-7009.