Leaf vdevs should not be reopened

When vdev_disk.c was implemented for Linux we failed to handle the
reopen case.  According to the vdev_reopen() comment leaf vdevs should
not be closed or opened when v->vdev_reopening is set.  Under Linux
we would always close and open the device.

This issue was only noticed when a 'zpool scrub' command was run while
the leaf vdev device names in /dev/disk/by-vdev were missing.  The
scrub command calls vdev_reopen() which caused the vdevs to be closed
but they couldn't be reopened due to the missing links.  The result
was that all the vdevs were marked unavailable and the pool was
halted due to failmode=wait.

This patch adds the missing functionality in a similiar fashion to
to the Illumos code.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Remove wholedisk check from vdev_disk_open()

As described by the comment and enforced the by assertion the
v->vdev_wholedisk will never be -1.  The wholedisk handling
is performed by the user space utilities.  To prevent confusion
this dead code is being removed.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Fix hot spares

The issue with hot spares in ZoL is because it opens all leaf
vdevs exclusively (O_EXCL).  On Linux, exclusive opens cause
subsequent exclusive opens to fail with EBUSY.

This could be resolved by not opening any of the devices
exclusively, which is what Illumos does, but the additional
protection offered by exclusive opens is desirable.  It cleanly
prevents you from accidentally adding an in-use non-ZFS device
to your pool.

To fix this we very slightly relaxed the usage of O_EXCL in
the following ways.

1) Functions which open the device but only read had the
   O_EXCL flag removed and were updated to use O_RDONLY.

2) A common holder was added to the vdev disk code.  This
   allow the ZFS code to internally open the device multiple
   times but non-ZFS callers may not.

3) An exception was added to make_disks() for hot spare when
   creating partition tables.  For hot spare devices which
   are already opened exclusively we skip creating the partition
   table because this must already have been done when the disk
   was originally added as a hot spare.

Additional minor related changes include:

1) Updating check_in_use() to use a Linux partition suffix
   instead of a slice suffix.

2) is_spare() was moved above make_disks() to avoid adding
   a forward reference.  It was also slightly extended to
   allow a NULL configuration to be passed.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #250