upgrade to rails 3.1.10, fixing issues along the way

You'd need to add a few heoku addons:

heroku addons:add mongohq:sandbox
heroku addons:add redistogo:nano

rake spec doesn't say anything so I'm assuming it passes

I had to write a number of workarounds because the Badgeable gem used is trying to be too clever for its own good :(

I'll put in the comments as code review here on github.